On the Commanding Self

Iraqi style
English

On the Commanding Self

Any heart that follows its own base cravings is exiled from the lands of true knowledge. Wherever the fire of the greedy self flares up, it burns the whole harvest of the soul, wet and dry alike. Though its traits cannot be listed in full, still a few of them must be named. Conceit, stinginess, greed, love of rank and wealth, mockery, slander, backbiting, tattling, and idle chatter. Overeating, too much sleep, doubt, arrogance, and spite, and denial of the ways of God's true men. Lust for boys, lust for women, foolishness and ignorance, stupidity, forgetfulness, hatred, disobedience, sloth, and laziness. Also envy, play, frivolity, and hypocrisy, and a self forever girded up for petty quarrels. Also giddy excess, idleness, and insolence, false hopes, pretense, the very mother of all danger. I will explain a few of these traits, so you can recognize them, if your heart still has the sight. For if I were to describe them all, the tale would grow as long as my own pain.
Explanation: The 'commanding self' (nafs-e ammara) is the ego that drives a person toward base desire, a central concept in Sufi ethics. The poet lists its vices, many drawn from Arabic terms for gossip and slander.

Original · Persian

بخش ۹ - فی صفة الاماره

هر دلی کو پیرو اماره شد از بلاد معرفت آواره شد
آتش اماره هرجا بر فروخت خرمن جانر از خشک وتر،بسوخت
گرچه نتوان گفتن اوصافش تمام لیک یک چندی بباید برد نام
عجب و بخل و حرص و حب جاه ومال هز و همز و لمز و غمز و قیل و قال
اکل وافر،نوم و شک و کبر و کین منکری بر حالت مردان دین
حب غلمان،حب نسوان،هزل و جهل حمق و نسیان بغض و عصیان،نوم و کسل
هم حسد،هم لعب وهم لهو ونفاق وز جدلها بر میان بسته نطاق
هم نشاط وهم بطالت،هم بطر هم املها،هم ریا،ام الخطر
شرح یک چندی بگویم زین صفات بازدانی گر بود دل در صفات
زانکه شرح جمله گر گوییم باز قصه گردد،همچو درد ما،دراز