Why I Wrote This Book

Literary Return
English

Why I Wrote This Book

The wise and fortunate minister said to me: Unseal this hidden secret, set it free. Now that the chance to speak is yours at last, and you have ties with those who know the past, it is best you draw the sword of your pen, and turn its edge upon ancient history. Shake off the dust of legends from your sleeve, and write a single book that tells the truth. From the history of Greece, Chaldea, and Rome, from ruins and from lands still thriving, bring forth a kingly book that stays behind, left in this world as a keepsake from us. In every task I will lend you my help, and deepen still my friendship toward you. He gave me so much encouragement of this kind that my whole soul was filled with hope. My heart grew warm with all those words he spoke, and my spirit brimmed with reverence and respect. When for a year I labored at this task, this famous treasure finally reached its end. Though verse was not within my reach, for no one has matched the Shahnameh in song, in prose I cast a grand design, one that makes the sound stand clear from the false. By the power of God the victorious, I fashioned a treasure full of jewels. From the Zand, the Avesta, and the Pahlavi texts, I gathered material in a fresh new style. From ancient relics and old scripts, I left out not a single word I found. When this old tale at last came to its close, I named it 'The Book of Antiquity'. When I had adorned its preface well, I stripped it clean of every flattery. Except for Nazem-od-Dowleh, I mentioned no other famous name in it. I thought that the reward for this would be nothing but provisions and praise. There was a man, ugly, sinister, and foul, his face was black, his hair was white. The lowly wretch had an unclean name, malicious, shameless, and reckless. He spoke nothing but ugly words throughout, and for no reason his heart turned against me. His whole aim in all of this was simply to squeeze a few gold coins out of me. He does not know I loathe that very way; a curse on him and on his fortune. The precious minister, a noble free man, his heart for no good cause grew sore at me. By the words of that unclean, sinister man, told to the king of Iran and to bloody Rome, that famous man of high birth spoke ill of me and made foul reports. He called me of bad faith and bad creed; I was a fierce lion, and he called me a ewe. From this speech he gained nothing at all, except that he added to my renown. I spoke no word of evil against him; I kept to the way of wisdom and good sense. In the end he regretted what he had said, and wished that I would come back to him. I did not go to him, nor beg his favor, for pride and grace suit even the poor man well. When he left Rome for the land of Iran, his brother came and took his place. He was wise, sharp, and full of judgment, but he was not the right man for the seat. He could not tell error apart from right, failing to recognize the noble man. At the time when, near and far, he stirred up turmoil against me in Rome, he went before the king and schemed his words, beginning his evil talk against me. I will not say the king grew cold toward me, but at times his speech misled him. They drove me out of the capital; toward Trabzon I carried my belongings. Along with several other well-born men, worldly-wise and free-spirited souls. On this fine shore of chosen, pleasant air, nothing came to me sweeter than this: to set in verse a concise book on the history of Iran in another fashion. In the auspicious name of Abdul Hamid, from whom fine works have come to light, for the king of glory, justice, and fairness, I opened with a lovely preface. Like Ferdowsi, that man without friend or mate, who sang the Shahnameh in memory of Mahmud. But I fear that afterward, out of need, I may have to write satire against him. It is best we leave these words aside, and bring up tales of Jamshid and the kings. Blessed is the one who gladdened hearts, so that his name is remembered with goodness.
Explanation: Rome here refers to the Ottoman Empire (Rum), where the poet found himself in exile, as the mention of Sultan Abdul Hamid and Trabzon confirms. The closing couplet echoes Ferdowsi's hope that good deeds keep one's name alive.

Original · Persian

بخش ۶ - سبب نظم کتاب

مرا گفت دستور فرخنده رای که این راز سربسته را برگشای
کنونت که امکان گفتار هست به تاریخ دانان سروکار هست
همان به که تیغ قلم برکشی به تاریخ پیشین قلم درکشی
فشانی بر افسانه ها آستین نویسی یکی نامه ی راستین
ز تاریخ یونان و کلدان و روم ز آثار ویران و آباد بوم
فراز آوری نامه ی شاهوار که ماند به گیتی زما یادگار
به هر کار یاری نمایم تو را همی دوستی برفزایم تو را
مرا داد ازین گونه چندان نوید که شد جان من سر به سر پر امید
دل من بدان گفته ها گرم شد روانم پر از شرم و آزرم شد
چو یک سال بردم درین کار رنج به پایان شد این نامبردار گنج
اگر چه به نظمم نبد دسترس که چون شاهنامه نگفته است کس
بیفکندم از نثر طرحی عظیم که پیدا نماید صحیح از سقیم
به نیروی یزدان پیروزگر یکی گنج آراستم پرگهر
ز زند و اوستا و از پهلوی فراز آوریدم به طرز نوی
ز آثار آنتیک و خط کهن نیاورده نگذاشتم یک سخن
چو آمد به بن این کهن داستان بنامیدمش نامه ی باستان
چو دیباچه اش را بیاراستم زهر چاپلوسی بپیراستم
به جز ناظم الدوله نامی دگر در آن جا نبردم ز یک نامور
گمانم چنین بد که پاداش این نبینم به جز توشه و آفرین
یکی مرد بد زشت و شوم و پلید که رویش سیه بود و مویش سپید
فرومایه را نام ناپاک بود بد اندیش و بی شرم و بی باک بود
همی زشت راندی سراسر سخن ورا بی سبب گشت دل زمن
همه مقصدش بود از آن سر به سر که از من خورد چند دینار زر
نداند که بی زارم از آن روش که نفرین بر او باد و بر اخترش
گرانمایه دستور آزاده مرد دلش بی جهت از من آمد به درد
به گفتار آن مرد ناپاک شوم بر شاه ایران و خونکار روم
چون او نامور مرد والا نژاد زمن کرد گفتار ناخوب یاد
مرا خود بدآیین و بد کیش خواند بدم شیر نر او مرا میش خواند
از این گفته او را نبد هیچ سود به جز آن که بر شهرت من فزود
من از وی نراندم سخن بر بدی نکو داشتم شیوه بخردی
در آخر پشیمان شد از گفت خویش مرا خواست کش باز آیم به پیش
نرفتمش پیش و نکردم نیاز که درویش را خوش بود کبر و ناز
چو از روم شد سوی ایران زمین برادرش آمد شدش جانشین
خردمند و باهوش و با رای بود ولیکن نشستن نه بر جای بود
خطا را نکردی جدا از صواب به نشناختن مرد عالی جناب
به گاهی که از من ز نزدیک و دور به روم اندر انداخت آشوب و شور
بر شاه رفت و سخن ساز کرد به گفتار بد از من آغاز کرد
نگویم که شه گشت بد دل زمن ولی کردش اغفال گاه سخن
نمودند تسخیرم از پایتخت به سوی طربزون کشیدیم رخت
ایا چند تن دیگر از زادگان جهاندیده مردان و آزادگان
درین ساحل خوش هوای گزین نیامد مرا هیچ خوش تر ازین
که نظم آورم نامه ی مختصر ز تاریخ ایران به طرزی دگر
به نام همایون عبدالحمید کز او هست آثار نیکو پدید
شهنشاه با فر و با عدل و داد یکی نغز دیباچه سازم گشاد
چو فردوسی آن مرد بی یار و جفت که شهنامه بر یاد محمود گفت
ولیکن بترسم که او را هجا سپس بایدم گفت از التجا
همان به که زین گفته ها بگذریم سخن ها ز جمشید و کی آوریم
خنک آنکه دل ها زخود کرد شاد که نامش به نیکی بیارند یاد